Research Areas
Georgia
The Facts on Georgia's Tax Climate
Here are some basic facts on Georgia's tax system and how it compares to other states:
Tax Freedom Day Arrives on April 3 in Georgia
Tax Freedom Day is the day when Americans finally have earned enough money to pay off their total tax bill for the year. In 2011, Georgia taxpayers work until April 3 to pay their total tax bill, ranking them 37th nationally. That's nine before national Tax Freedom Day (April 12). The Tax Freedom Days of neighboring states are: Tennessee, March 27 (ranked 49th nationally); Alabama, April 2 (ranked 43rd nationally); Florida, April 11 (ranked 16th nationally); South Carolina, March 29 (ranked 48th nationally); and North Carolina, April 6 (ranked 27th nationally).
Full study of Tax Freedom Day, nationwide and in each state
Georgia's State and Local Tax Burden Below National Average
Georgia's 2009 state and local tax burden of 9.1% of income is below the national average of 9.8%. Georgia's tax burden has decreased overall from 9.3% (33rd nationally) in 1977 to 9.1% (31st nationally) in 2009. Georgia taxpayers pay $3,350 per capita in state and local taxes.
Georgia's State-Local Tax Burden, 1977-present
Other States' State/Local Tax Burdens
Map of U.S. Showing all State's Burdens and Ranks
Historical Chart Comparing All States' State/Local Tax Burdens from 1977 to 2009
Georgia's 2012 Business Tax Climate Ranks 34th
Georgia ranks 34th in the Tax Foundation's State Business Tax Climate Index. The Index compares the states in five areas of taxation that impact business: corporate taxes; individual income taxes; sales taxes; unemployment insurance taxes; and taxes on property, including residential and commercial property. Neighboring states rank as follows: Tennessee (14th), Alabama (20th), Florida (5th), South Carolina (36th) and North Carolina (44th).
50-State Comparison of Business Tax Climates (data only)
2012 State Business Tax Climate Index, Ninth Edition (full study)
Georgia's Individual Income Tax System
Georgia's personal income tax system consists of six separate brackets with a top rate of 6% kicking in at an income level of $7,000. That top rate ranks 21st highest among states levying an individual income tax. In 2009, state-level individual income tax collections were $799 per person, which ranked 24th highest nationally.
50-State Table of Individual Income Tax Rates
50-State Table of State Individual Income Tax Collections
50-State Table of State and Local Individual Income Tax Collections Per Capita
Georgia's Corporate Income Tax System
Georgia's corporate tax structure consists of a flat rate of 6% on all corporate income. Among states levying corporate income taxes, Georgia's top rate ranks 35th highest. In 2009, state-level corporate tax collections (excluding local taxes) were $71 per capita, ranked 38th highest nationally.
50-State Table of Corporate Income Tax Rates
50-State Table of State and Local Corporate Income Tax Collections Per Capita and Per Household
50-State Table of State Corporate Income Tax Collections Per Capita
Georgia Sales and Excise Taxes
Georgia levies a 4% general sales or use tax on consumers, below the national median of 5.85%. In 2007 combined state and local general and selective sales tax collections were $1,354 per person, which ranked 26th nationally. Georgia's gasoline tax stands at 20.9 cents per gallon, which is 49th highest in the nation. However, the state's general sales tax is applied to purchases of gasoline, and localities are allowed to levy "local option" sales taxes on gasoline. Georgia's cigarette tax stands at 37 cents per pack of twenty, which ranks 46th nationally. The sales tax was adopted in 1951, the gasoline tax in 1921 and the cigarette tax in 1937.
50-state table of sales, cigarette, gas, beer, wine, and spirits tax rates.
50-State Table of State and Local General and Selective Sales Tax Collections Per Capita
Georgia Property Taxes: Comparatively Modest
Georgia is one of the 37 states that collect property taxes at both the state and local levels. As in most states, local governments collect far more. Georgia's localities collected $ 961.57 per capita in property taxes in fiscal year 2006, the latest year for which the Census Bureau has published state-by-state data. At the state level, Georgia collected $8.20 per capita during FY 2006, making its combined state/local property taxes $969.77, ranked 33rd nationally.
State property tax collections per capita by state
Federal Tax Burdens and Expenditures: Georgia is a Beneficiary State
Georgia taxpayers receive about the same federal funding per dollar of federal taxes paid compared to the average state. For every dollar of federal tax collected in 2005, Georgia citizens received approximately $1.01 in federal spending. This ranks the state 32nd nationally and represents a slight increase from 1995 when Georgia received $.96 per dollar of taxes in federal spending (then ranking it at 33rd highest). Neighboring states and the amount of federal spending they received per dollar of federal taxation were as follows: Tennessee ($1.27), Alabama ($1.66), Florida ($.97), South Carolina ($1.35), and North Carolina ($1.08).
Comparing the amount of federal taxes sent to Washington with the amount of federal spending coming back to the state
