Research Areas
State Business Tax Climate Index
Taxes matter to business. They affect location decisions, job creation and retention, international competitiveness, and the long-term health of a state’s economy. The Tax Foundation’s annual State Business Tax Climate Index was designed to measure the “tax-friendliness” to business of each state’s tax system. The most competitive tax systems are typically found in states that raise sufficient tax revenue with economically neutral and simple tax systems. The least competitive are typically found in states with complex, multi-rate corporate and individual tax codes; above-average sales tax rates that exempt few business-to-business transactions; high state tax collections; and few institutional restraints on the level of taxation or spending.
Additional questions about business tax climates? Contact us at (202) 464-6200.
Articles from the Tax Foundation
- Tax Policy Podcast: Mark Robyn on State Tax Climates, February 3, 2012
- Mark Robyn on State Tax Climates, February 2, 2012
- Map: State Business Tax Climate Index, 2012, January 25, 2012
- Major Components of the State Business Tax Climate Index, FY 2012, January 25, 2012
- State Business Tax Climate Index-- Unemployment Insurance Tax Index, 2011-2012, January 25, 2012
- State Business Tax Climate Index-- Corporate Tax Index, 2011-2012, January 25, 2012
- State Business Tax Climate Index-- Sales Tax Index, 2011-2012, January 25, 2012
- State Business Tax Climate Index--Individual Income Tax Index, 2011-2012, January 25, 2012
- State Business Tax Climate Index--Property Tax Index, 2011-2012, January 25, 2012
- State Business Tax Climate Index Rankings, 2011-2012, January 25, 2012
- 2012 State Business Tax Climate Index, by Mark Robyn, January 25, 2012
- Dave Trabert on the Fight for Tax Reform in Kansas, September 1, 2011
- Facts & Figures Handbook: How Does Your State Compare?, edited by Mark Robyn, February 28, 2011
- Recent State Tax Reforms in the United States and Opportunities for California at a Time of Fiscal Challenge (Testimony before California's Select Committee on Recovery, Reform, and Realignment), by Joseph Henchman, February 2, 2011
- Illinois Approves Sharp Income Tax Increase, Fourth-Highest Corporate Tax Rate, by Joseph Henchman and Kail Padgitt, January 13, 2011
- Illinois Considers Sharp Income Tax Increase, Highest Corporate Tax Rate, by Joseph Henchman and Kail Padgitt, January 7, 2011
- Kail Padgitt of the Tax Foundation: The 2011 State Business Tax Climate Index, November 22, 2010
- Rhode Island Officials Consider Income Tax Reform, by Joseph Henchman and Kail Padgitt, June 2, 2010
- Jonathan Williams of ALEC: Rich States, Poor States, April 21, 2010
- Wishful Thinking About Tax Burdens in Ohio, by Mark Robyn and Rob Shrum, April 7, 2010
- How Does Your State Compare? Tax Foundation Releases 2010 Facts & Figures Handbook, March 25, 2010
- Tax Foundation Submits Written Testimony on Reducing Maryland Sales Tax, March 25, 2010
- Illinois Income Tax Increase Would Hurt Best Feature of State Tax System, March 11, 2010
- Illinois Should Respond to Recession by Broadening Tax Bases and Spending Frugally, Not by Raising the Personal Income Tax Rate, by Justin Higginbottom, March 11, 2010
- Idaho Rep. Marv Hagedorn: Personal and Corporate Income Tax Cuts, March 10, 2010
- Matt Mayer of the Buckeye Institute: State of the State, March 3, 2010
- Slideshow: Taxes, Competitiveness & the Idaho Business Climate, March 2, 2010
- Georgia Should Respond to Recession with Tax Reform, Not Tax Gimmicks, by Justin Higginbottom, February 19, 2010
- Oregon Vote Shows Willingness to Tax High-Income Earners, Corporations, January 27, 2010
- Slideshow: Ohio's Tax Climate, January 7, 2010
- Repeal of Oregon Tax Increases Would Improve State Business Tax Climate, January 7, 2010
- Oregon Referendum Could Reinstate Higher Income Tax Rates, by Joseph Henchman and Kail Padgitt, January 7, 2010
- Ohio's Poor Tax Climate at the Heart of the State's Economic and Fiscal Woes, by Scott A. Hodge, January 7, 2010
- Video: Pennsylvania Tax System to Blame for Job Losses, Out-Migration, by Scott A. Hodge, December 3, 2009
- Study: Pennsylvania Tax System to Blame for Job Losses, Out-Migration, December 2, 2009
- Pennsylvania’s Tax System--Not Weak Economy--Responsible for Job Losses and Out-Migration, by Scott A. Hodge, December 2, 2009
- Testimony to Vermont Blue Ribbon Tax Structure Commission: Options for Improving Vermont’s Tax Competitiveness, by William Ahern, November 17, 2009
- State Rankings of Tax Climate Can be Misunderstood, Accidentally and Deliberately, by Kail Padgitt, November 10, 2009
- Newt Gingrich Cites New Jersey’s Ranking in Tax Foundation 2010 State Business Tax Climate Index in Syndicated Column, October 30, 2009
- Taxes, Competitiveness and the New Hampshire Business Climate (Testimony before the New Hampshire Legislature), by Scott A. Hodge, October 21, 2009
- NJ Senate Republican Leader Tom Kean: Tax Reform in the Garden State, October 21, 2009
- Kail Padgitt of the Tax Foundation: 2010 State Business Tax Climate Index, September 23, 2009
- Which States Are Best for Business? 2010 State Business Tax Climate Index, September 22, 2009
- Wall Street Journal Editorial Highlights State Business Tax Climate Index Information on New Jersey, July 25, 2009
- States Begin New Fiscal Year Following Many Tax Changes, July 13, 2009
- Poor State Fiscal Policy: North Carolina Passes Tax Breaks to Attract Apple, June 3, 2009
- Poor State Fiscal Policy: North Carolina Passes Tax Breaks to Attract Apple, June 3, 2009
- Jamie Story of the Grassroot Institute of Hawaii: Tax Hikes in the Aloha State, June 3, 2009
- Joseph Henchman of the Tax Foundation: Corzine, Christie and Lonegan Tax Proposals, May 27, 2009
- Economic Incidence: Consumers May Not Remit Ohio’s Tax on Grocery Sales, But They Pay It, by Joseph Henchman, Maurice Thompson and Justin Burrows, May 26, 2009
- Remarks to the Shaftesbury Society Luncheon hosted by the John Locke Foundation, Raleigh, North Carolina, by Joseph Henchman, May 5, 2009
- Jonathan Williams of the American Legislative Exchange Council: Rich States, Poor States, April 29, 2009
- Kristina Rasmussen of the Illinois Policy Institute: Gov. Quinn's Tax Increase Proposal, April 1, 2009
- Rhode Island’s “Business-Friendliness” Ranking Would Improve Dramatically Under Governor’s Plan, March 27, 2009
- Illinois’s “Business-Friendliness” Ranking Would Decline Sharply Under Governor’s Plan, March 18, 2009
- Newark Star-Ledger Reports on Republican Gubernatorial Candidate’s Economic Plan, Citing State Business Tax Climate Index, February 27, 2009
- New Jersey Republican State Senator Cites 2009 State Business Tax Climate Index in Op-Ed for Tri-Town News, February 26, 2009
- David Yepsen of the Des Moines Register: Tax and Budget Reform in Iowa, January 14, 2009
- State Business Tax Climate Index Tour, Part III: Christopher Summers of the Maryland Public Policy Institute, November 6, 2008
- State Business Tax Climate Index Tour, Part II: Bill Felkner of the Ocean State Policy Research Institute (Rhode Island), November 5, 2008
- State Business Tax Climate Index Tour, Part I: Gregg Edwards of the Center for Policy Research of New Jersey, November 4, 2008
- Staff Economist Josh Barro on the 2009 State Business Tax Climate Index, October 22, 2008
- North Dakota's Measure 2: How Would Rate Cuts Affect the Peace Garden State's Competitiveness?, by Joseph Henchman, October 17, 2008
- Economic Growth Requires Bold Steps: Mississippi Should Consider Tax Reform Recommendations, by Joseph Henchman, July 18, 2008
- County and City Income Taxes Clustered in States with Poor Tax Climates, by Joseph Henchman, July 11, 2008
- Improve tax climate and stop R.I. exodus, by Curtis S. Dubay, October 29, 2007
- Governor O'Malley's Tax Plan Puts Maryland at Risk in Regional Tax Competition (text of speech), by Curtis S. Dubay, October 26, 2007
- Governor O'Malley's Tax Plan Puts Maryland at Risk in Regional Tax Competition, by Curtis S. Dubay, October 26, 2007
- A Taxing Problem, by Curtis S. Dubay, October 16, 2007
- A Golden Opportunity for Tax Reform, by Chris Atkins and Jonathan Williams, February 28, 2007
- Tax Reform Can Boost Kansas' Tax Climate, by Chris Atkins and Jonathan Williams, February 21, 2007
- Corporate Tax Reform Will Enhance Kansas Competitiveness, by Chris Atkins and Jonathan Williams, February 21, 2007
- What West Virginia Needs to Do in Order to Compete in the 21st Century, by Curtis S. Dubay, December 11, 2006
- For Growth, West Virginia Needs Real Tax Relief, by Curtis S. Dubay, November 21, 2006
- Tax Foundation Economists on the 2007 State Business Tax Climate Index, October 24, 2006
- Tuning-Up Rhode Island's Business Tax Climate, by William Ahern, October 11, 2006
- Attracting Business With Honey: Business-Friendly States See Rapid Growth, by Curtis S. Dubay and Brian Phillips, October 11, 2006
- Improving the Connecticut Business Tax Climate, by Chris Atkins and Curtis S. Dubay, July 1, 2006
- Reforming Property Taxes in the Lone Star State, by Jonathan Williams and Chris Atkins, May 11, 2006
- Michigan Should Fear Indiana, Not India, by Curtis S. Dubay and Scott A. Hodge, March 2, 2006
- Response to Criticisms of the State Business Tax Climate Index, by TF Staff, February 27, 2006
- Rebuilding Mississippi's Business Tax Climate, by Chris Atkins and Jonathan Williams, October 24, 2005
- Don't Let Judicial Spending Mandates Ruin Tax Climate, by Scott A. Hodge and Curtis S. Dubay, June 30, 2005
- Michigan "Index Analysis": Elimination of Michigan SBT, by Chris Atkins and Curtis S. Dubay, May 23, 2005
- Indiana "Index Analysis": Impact of Gov. Daniels' Proposed Income Tax Surcharge, by Chris Atkins and Curtis S. Dubay, February 15, 2005
- Illinois "Index Analysis": The Potential Impact of HB 750, by Chris Atkins and Curtis S. Dubay, February 7, 2005
- Revise California's Tax Code, by Scott A. Hodge and Andrew Chamberlain, October 19, 2004
- Good Tax Policy Could Help Keep Work in New York, by Andrew Chamberlain and Scott A. Hodge, October 16, 2004
- Statement Before the Senate Finance Committee of the Pennsylvania State Senate On Pennsylvania's Business Tax Structure, by Thomas O. Armstrong, Ph.D., May 11, 2004
- Defending the "Indefensible", by Scott A. Hodge, June 1, 2002
- Factors Affecting Industrial Location: A Bibliography, by TF Staff, December 1, 1956
- Links to Other Tax Policy Resources, December 31, 1969